Comments about answers:

a. Unlike dogs, bilirubinuria in cats, even when present in small quantities in concentrated urine, is usually indicative of an underlying disorder. Further evaluation of this patient is warranted. In our experience, bilirubinuria in cats has been associated with several disorders including primary hepatic disease, diabetes mellitus, feline infectious peritonitis and feline leukemia-related disorders.

b. The paucity of white cells is not consistent with inflammation.

d. The capacity to concentrate urine to this degree eliminates a diagnosis of primary renal failure.

e. See preceding comment in b. Although idiopathic lower urinary tract disease in cats is often associated with hematuria (i.e. RBC and proteinuria without significant WBC), the most likely explanation of the hematuria is trauma associated with collection of the sample by cystocentesis.

• 7. Consider the following results obtained by analysis of a voided urine sample obtained from a 14-year-old male domestic shorthair cat.

Color = Yellow

Protein = Negative

Turbidity = Clear

RBC = Negative

Specific gravity = 1.011

WBC = Negative

PH = 6.0

Casts = Negative

Glucose = Negative

Epithelial cells = Negative

Acetone = Negative

Bacteria = Negative

Occult blood = Negative

Crystals = Negative

The best interpretation of the results of this urinalysis is that:

a. The patient's kidneys have lost the ability to concentrate and dilute urine.

b. The patient's kidneys have lost the ability to concentrate urine.

c. The patient's kidneys have lost the ability to dilute urine.

d. The patient has a fixed urine specific gravity, probably as a result of primary renal failure.

e. No conclusions can be established about the ability of the patient's kidneys to concentrate and dilute urine.

The most probable answer to question 7 = option e.

Comments about answers:

a. Since a urine specific gravity of 1.010 may represent a normal or abnormal value, further information (such as hydration status and serum creatinine concentration) must be obtained before renal concentrating and diluting capacity can be assessed. However, this specific gravity value should arouse suspicion that an underlying disorder may be present.

b. See comments for option a.

c. See comments for option a.

d. See comments for option a

e. See comments for option a.

• 8. Consider the following results obtained by analysis of a voided urine sample from a 9-year-old, male German Shepherd:

Color = Yellow

Protein = 1+

Turbidity = Cloudy

RBC = 5 - 10/hpf

Specific gravity = 1.035

WBC = 10 - 12/hpf

PH = 6.5

Cast = 8 - 10 granular/lpf

Glucose = Negative

Epithelial cells = Moderate

Acetone = Negative

Bacteria = None

Bilirubin = Negative

Crystals = Occasional Ca0x 2H20

Occult blood = 1+

The best interpretation of the results of this urinalysis is that the patient:

a. Has acute primary renal failure